Chapter 3. Synthethic Fibres and Plastics
Fibre: A thread or filament like structure which is obtained from vegetable tissues or chemical substance is called fibre.
All fabrics are made up of yan which small unit is fibre.
Fabric ⇒ Yan ⇒ Fibre
Types of fibres:
(i) Synthetic fibres: The fibres which are made by the human beings is called synthetic fibres.
Example: Rayon, Nylon, polyester and Acrylic.
(ii) Natural fibres: The fibres which are obtained from plants and animal resources are called natural fibres.
Example: Cotton, Wool and Silk.
Polymers: The small units of fibres which is actually a chemical substance, such many small units combine to form a large single units is called a polymer.
Ex. Cellulose, Nylon, polyester etc.
bead units and paper click here form a long chain just like polymers.
Polymers are also two types:
(I) Natural polymers : Cellulose (cotton) is a natural polymer.
(ii) Synthetic Polymers : Nylon and polyster etc.
Cellulose : Cellulose is a special kind of carbohydrates (glucose molecules) which naturally obtained from plants.
History of silk: Silk is a natural fibre which obtained from silkworm and It was discovered in China many many years ago. Chinese kept discovery of silk as a closely guarded secret for a long time. Later silk reached all over the world through China.
Features of Silk:
(i) Fabric obtained from silk fibre was very costly.
(ii) Its beautiful texture fascinated everybody.
(iii) It is very soft fibres but very strong.
(iv) It is also a natural fibre which obtained from silkworm.
Types of Synthetic Fibres:
(A) Rayon:
(B) Nylon:
(c) Polyster and Acrylic