Chapter 9. The Making of the National Movement: 1870s-1947s
Que: Why were people dissatisfied with British rule in the 1870s- 1880s?
Ans: People were dissatisfied with British rule in the 1870s- 1880s due to the following reasons :
(i) The British passed the Arms Act in 1878 which disallowed Indians from possessing arms.
(ii) In the same year they passed the Vernacular Press Act This act snatched the freedom of speech and expression. It allowed the government to confiscate the assets of newspaper including their printing presses if the newspaper published anything that was critical of the government.
(iii) In 1883, the Ilbert bill was introduced. The bill provided for the trial of British or European persons by Indians and sought equality between British and Indian judges in the country but the white opposition force the Government to withdraw the bill.
Que: Who did the Indian national congress wish to speak for?
Ans: The Indian national congress wish to speak for the entire people belong to different communities of India.
Que: What economic impact did the first world war have on India?
Ans: The first world war led to a huge rise in the defense expenditure of India. The Government inturn increased taxes on individual income and business profit.
Increased military expenditure and the demands fo5r war supplies led to the sharp rise in prices which badly affected the common mass they found it difficult to fulfill even there essential needs.
The war created a demand for industrial goods like jute bags, cloth rail and cause a decline of imports from other countries into India.
Que: What did the Muslim league resolution of 1940 ask for?
Ans: The Muslim league resolution of 1940 asked for independent states for Muslims in the north western and eastern area of the country.
Que: Who were moderates? How did they propose to struggle against British rule?
Ans: Moderates were against violence. They had deep faith in the good intention of the government. They were of the opinion that slowly and steadily they would make the british to go their own land.
