CHAPTER-7. Getting to know plants
1. Herbs: Plants with green and tender stems.
2. Shrubs: Some plants have the stem branching out near the base. The stem is hard but not very thick.
3. Trees: Some plants are very tall and have hard and thick brown stems. The stems have branches in upper parts.
4. Creepers: Plants with weak stems that can’t stand upright and spread on ground.
5. Climber: Those plants that take support on neighbouring structure and climb up. Ex: - Money plants.
6. Functions of stem:
Functions of stem are following:
(I) It gives support to the plants.
(II) It transports water and minerals.
(III) It stores food for plants.
7. Functions of leaf:
Functions of leaf are following:-
(I) The process of transpiration occurs in the leaf.
(II) The process of photosynthesis occurs in the leaf.
(III) It prepares food for plants.
8. Petiole: The part of a leaf by which it is attached to the stem.
9. Lamina: The broad green part of the leaf.
10. Vein: Lines on the leaf.
11. Midrib: A thick vein is in the middle of the leaf.
12. Leaf venation: The design made by vein in the leaf.
13. Reticulate venation: The venation design is net- like on both sides of midrib
14. Parallel venation: The veins are Parallel to one another in the leaves of grass.
15. Transpiration: Water comes out of leaves in the form of vapour by a process.
16. photosynthesis: The plants prepare their food in the presence of sunlight and chlorophyll. For this they use carbon dioxide and water.
17. Raw material of photosynthesis: Water and carbon dioxide.